Note to users. If you're seeing this message, it means that your browser cannot find this page's style/presentation instructions -- or possibly that you are using a browser that does not support current Web standards. Find out more about why this message is appearing, and what you can do to make your experience of our site the best it can be.
Career Basics

Site Tools

  • AAAS
  • Subscribe
  • Feedback

Site Search

Search Advanced

Logo for

Science 300 (5627): 1922-1926

Copyright © 2003 by the American Association for the Advancement of Science

Crystal Structure of the Potassium Channel KirBac1.1 in the Closed State

Anling Kuo,1 Jacqueline M. Gulbis,2 Jennifer F. Antcliff,3 Tahmina Rahman,1 Edward D. Lowe,1 Jochen Zimmer,1 Jonathan Cuthbertson,1 Frances M. Ashcroft,3 Takayuki Ezaki,4 Declan A. Doyle1*

Abstract: The KirBac1.1 channel belongs to the inward-rectifier family of potassium channels. Here we report the structure of the entire prokaryotic Kir channel assembly, in the closed state, refined to a resolution of 3.65 angstroms. We identify the main activation gate and structural elements involved in gating. On the basis of structural evidence presented here, we suggest that gating involves coupling between the intracellular and membrane domains. This further suggests that initiation of gating by membrane or intracellular signals represents different entry points to a common mechanistic pathway.

1 University of Oxford, Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK.
2 Structural Biology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3050, Australia.
3 University of Oxford, University Laboratory of Physiology, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK.
4 Department of Microbiology and Bioinformatics, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Regeneration, and Advanced Medical Science, 40 Tsukasamachi, Gifu 500-8705, Japan.

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: declan{at}biop.ox.ac.uk

THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
Long-pore Electrostatics in Inward-rectifier Potassium Channels.
J. L. Robertson, L. G. Palmer, and B. Roux (2008)
J. Gen. Physiol. 132, 613-632
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Molecular Template for a Voltage Sensor in a Novel K+ Channel. III. Functional Reconstitution of a Sensorless Pore Module from a Prokaryotic Kv Channel.
J. S. Santos, S. M. Grigoriev, and M. Montal (2008)
J. Gen. Physiol. 132, 651-666
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Two-Membrane Model of Epithelial Transport: Koefoed-Johnsen and Ussing (1958).
L. G. Palmer and O. S. Andersen (2008)
J. Gen. Physiol. 132, 607-612
   Full Text »    PDF »
Control of the single channel conductance of K2P10.1 (TREK-2) by the amino-terminus: role of alternative translation initiation.
D. Simkin, E. J. Cavanaugh, and D. Kim (2008)
J. Physiol. 586, 5651-5663
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
From The Cover: Nanomaterials in Medicine Special Feature Sackler Colloquium: Ion exclusion by sub-2-nm carbon nanotube pores.
F. Fornasiero, H. G. Park, J. K. Holt, M. Stadermann, C. P. Grigoropoulos, A. Noy, and O. Bakajin (2008)
PNAS 105, 17250-17255
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Generation, Comparison, and Merging of Pathways between Protein Conformations: Gating in K-Channels.
A. Enosh, B. Raveh, O. Furman-Schueler, D. Halperin, and N. Ben-Tal (2008)
Biophys. J. 95, 3850-3860
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Blocker Protection by Short Spermine Analogs: Refined Mapping of the Spermine Binding Site in a Kir Channel.
H. T. Kurata, K. Diraviyam, L. J. Marton, and C. G. Nichols (2008)
Biophys. J. 95, 3827-3839
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Ion Channels in Microbes.
B. Martinac, Y. Saimi, and C. Kung (2008)
Physiol Rev 88, 1449-1490
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
On the Structure of the N-Terminal Domain of the MscL Channel: Helical Bundle or Membrane Interface.
I. Iscla, R. Wray, and P. Blount (2008)
Biophys. J. 95, 2283-2291
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Gating Consequences of Charge Neutralization of Arginine Residues in the S4 Segment of Kv7.2, an Epilepsy-Linked K+ Channel Subunit.
F. Miceli, M. V. Soldovieri, C. C. Hernandez, M. S. Shapiro, L. Annunziato, and M. Taglialatela (2008)
Biophys. J. 95, 2254-2264
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Pore-blocking Hydrophobic Motif at the Cytoplasmic Aperture of the Closed-state Nav1.7 Channel Is Disrupted by the Erythromelalgia-associated F1449V Mutation.
A. Lampert, A. O. O'Reilly, S. D. Dib-Hajj, L. Tyrrell, B. A. Wallace, and S. G. Waxman (2008)
J. Biol. Chem. 283, 24118-24127
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Engineered specific and high-affinity inhibitor for a subtype of inward-rectifier K+ channels.
Y. Ramu, Y. Xu, and Z. Lu (2008)
PNAS 105, 10774-10778
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Subnanometer-resolution electron cryomicroscopy-based domain models for the cytoplasmic region of skeletal muscle RyR channel.
I. I. Serysheva, S. J. Ludtke, M. L. Baker, Y. Cong, M. Topf, D. Eramian, A. Sali, S. L. Hamilton, and W. Chiu (2008)
PNAS 105, 9610-9615
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
PIP2 PIP2 Hooray for Maxi K+.
A. R. Rittenhouse (2008)
J. Gen. Physiol. 132, 5-8
   Full Text »    PDF »
Amino Acid Substitutions in the Pore Helix of GluR6 Control Inhibition by Membrane Fatty Acids.
T. J. Wilding, E. Fulling, Y. Zhou, and J. E. Huettner (2008)
J. Gen. Physiol. 132, 85-99
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Bubbles, Gating, and Anesthetics in Ion Channels.
R. Roth, D. Gillespie, W. Nonner, and R. E. Eisenberg (2008)
Biophys. J. 94, 4282-4298
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
End-Point Targeted Molecular Dynamics: Large-Scale Conformational Changes in Potassium Channels.
R. J. Mashl and E. Jakobsson (2008)
Biophys. J. 94, 4307-4319
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Interaction of Anesthetics with Open and Closed Conformations of a Potassium Channel Studied via Molecular Dynamics and Normal Mode Analysis.
S. Vemparala, C. Domene, and M. L. Klein (2008)
Biophys. J. 94, 4260-4269
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Kv channel with an altered activation gate sequence displays both "fast" and "slow" activation kinetics.
A. J. Labro, A. Grottesi, M. S. P. Sansom, A. L. Raes, and D. J. Snyders (2008)
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 294, C1476-C1484
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Molecular mechanism of pH sensing in KcsA potassium channels.
A. N. Thompson, D. J. Posson, P. V. Parsa, and C. M. Nimigean (2008)
PNAS 105, 6900-6905
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Destabilization of ATP-sensitive Potassium Channel Activity by Novel KCNJ11 Mutations Identified in Congenital Hyperinsulinism.
Y.-W. Lin, J. D. Bushman, F.-F. Yan, S. Haidar, C. MacMullen, A. Ganguly, C. A. Stanley, and S.-L. Shyng (2008)
J. Biol. Chem. 283, 9146-9156
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) regulation of strong inward rectifier Kir2.1 channels: multilevel positive cooperativity.
L.-H. Xie, S. A. John, B. Ribalet, and J. N. Weiss (2008)
J. Physiol. 586, 1833-1848
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Four-turn {alpha}-Helical Segment Prevents Surface Expression of the Auxiliary h{beta}2 Subunit of BK-type Channel.
C. Lv, M. Chen, G. Gan, L. Wang, T. Xu, and J. Ding (2008)
J. Biol. Chem. 283, 2709-2715
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Molecular Characterization of the Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptor Pore-forming Segment.
Z. T. Schug, P. C. A. da Fonseca, C. D. Bhanumathy, L. Wagner II, X. Zhang, B. Bailey, E. P. Morris, D. I. Yule, and S. K. Joseph (2008)
J. Biol. Chem. 283, 2939-2948
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Intrinsic Electrostatic Potential in the BK Channel Pore: Role in Determining Single Channel Conductance and Block.
I. Carvacho, W. Gonzalez, Y. P. Torres, S. Brauchi, O. Alvarez, F. D. Gonzalez-Nilo, and R. Latorre (2008)
J. Gen. Physiol. 131, 147-161
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Role of the S6 C-terminus in KCNQ1 channel gating.
I. R. Boulet, A. J. Labro, A. L. Raes, and D. J. Snyders (2007)
J. Physiol. 585, 325-337
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Evidence for a Deep Pore Activation Gate in Small Conductance Ca2+-activated K+ Channels.
A. Bruening-Wright, W.-S. Lee, J. P. Adelman, and J. Maylie (2007)
J. Gen. Physiol. 130, 601-610
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Activation Gating of hERG Potassium Channels: S6 GLYCINES ARE NOT REQUIRED AS GATING HINGES.
R. M. Hardman, P. J. Stansfeld, S. Dalibalta, M. J. Sutcliffe, and J. S. Mitcheson (2007)
J. Biol. Chem. 282, 31972-31981
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Quantitative Description of KcsA Gating I: Macroscopic Currents.
S. Chakrapani, J. F Cordero-Morales, and E. Perozo (2007)
J. Gen. Physiol. 130, 465-478
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A novel mutation causing DEND syndrome: A treatable channelopathy of pancreas and brain.
K. Shimomura, F. Horster, H. de Wet, S. E. Flanagan, S. Ellard, A. T. Hattersley, N. I. Wolf, F. Ashcroft, and F. Ebinger (2007)
Neurology 69, 1342-1349
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Role of Distal S6 Hydrophobic Residues in the Voltage-dependent Gating of CaV2.3 Channels.
A. Raybaud, E.-E. Baspinar, F. Dionne, Y. Dodier, R. Sauve, and L. Parent (2007)
J. Biol. Chem. 282, 27944-27952
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Low-affinity spermine block mediating outward currents through Kir2.1 and Kir2.2 inward rectifier potassium channels.
K. Ishihara and D.-H. Yan (2007)
J. Physiol. 583, 891-908
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Impaired interaction between the slide helix and the C-terminus of Kir2.1: A novel mechanism of Andersen syndrome.
N. Decher, V. Renigunta, M. Zuzarte, M. Soom, S. H. Heinemann, K. W. Timothy, M. T. Keating, J. Daut, M. C. Sanguinetti, and I. Splawski (2007)
Cardiovasc Res 75, 748-757
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Control of Inward Rectifier K Channel Activity by Lipid Tethering of Cytoplasmic Domains.
D. Enkvetchakul, I. Jeliazkova, J. Bhattacharyya, and C. G. Nichols (2007)
J. Gen. Physiol. 130, 329-334
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Patch Clamp and Phenotypic Analyses of a Prokaryotic Cyclic Nucleotide-gated K+ Channel Using Escherichia coli as a Host.
M. M.-C. Kuo, Y. Saimi, C. Kung, and S. Choe (2007)
J. Biol. Chem. 282, 24294-24301
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Tuning Ion Coordination Architectures to Enable Selective Partitioning.
S. Varma and S. B. Rempe (2007)
Biophys. J. 93, 1093-1099
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Diverse Kir modulators act in close proximity to residues implicated in phosphoinositide binding.
D. E. Logothetis, D. Lupyan, and A. Rosenhouse-Dantsker (2007)
J. Physiol. 582, 953-965
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Role of the Cytoplasmic Pore in Inward Rectification of Kir2.1 Channels.
H. T. Kurata, W. W. Cheng, C. Arrabit, P. A. Slesinger, and C. G. Nichols (2007)
J. Gen. Physiol. 130, 145-155
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Subunit-Stoichiometric Evidence for Kir6.2 Channel Gating, ATP Binding, and Binding-Gating Coupling.
R. Wang, X. Zhang, N. Cui, J. Wu, H. Piao, X. Wang, J. Su, and C. Jiang (2007)
Mol. Pharmacol. 71, 1646-1656
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Identification and Characterization of the Slowly Exchanging pH-dependent Conformational Rearrangement in KcsA.
K. Takeuchi, H. Takahashi, S. Kawano, and I. Shimada (2007)
J. Biol. Chem. 282, 15179-15186
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Probing the Outer Mouth Structure of the hERG Channel with Peptide Toxin Footprinting and Molecular Modeling.
G.-N. Tseng, K. D. Sonawane, Y. V. Korolkova, M. Zhang, J. Liu, E. V. Grishin, and H. R. Guy (2007)
Biophys. J. 92, 3524-3540
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Inositol Trisphosphate Receptor Ca2+ Release Channels.
J. K. Foskett, C. White, K.-H. Cheung, and D.-O. D. Mak (2007)
Physiol Rev 87, 593-658
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Interaction of G{alpha}q and Kir3, G Protein-Coupled Inwardly Rectifying Potassium Channels.
T. Kawano, P. Zhao, C. V. Floreani, Y. Nakajima, T. Kozasa, and S. Nakajima (2007)
Mol. Pharmacol. 71, 1179-1184
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
An Andersen-Tawil Syndrome Mutation in Kir2.1 (V302M) Alters the G-loop Cytoplasmic K+ Conduction Pathway.
D. Ma, X. D. Tang, T. B. Rogers, and P. A. Welling (2007)
J. Biol. Chem. 282, 5781-5789
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Role of the GX9GX3G Motif in the Gating of High Voltage-activated Ca2+ Channels.
A. Raybaud, Y. Dodier, P. Bissonnette, M. Simoes, D. G. Bichet, R. Sauve, and L. Parent (2006)
J. Biol. Chem. 281, 39424-39436
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
New Roles for a Key Glycine and Its Neighboring Residue in Potassium Channel Gating.
A. Rosenhouse-Dantsker and D. E. Logothetis (2006)
Biophys. J. 91, 2860-2873
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Localization of the pH Gate in Kir1.1 Channels.
Y.-Y. Zhang, H. Sackin, and L. G. Palmer (2006)
Biophys. J. 91, 2901-2909
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
State-dependent Block of BK Channels by Synthesized Shaker Ball Peptides.
W. Li and R. W. Aldrich (2006)
J. Gen. Physiol. 128, 423-441
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Electrostatic interactions in the channel cavity as an important determinant of potassium channel selectivity.
D. Bichet, M. Grabe, Y. N. Jan, and L. Y. Jan (2006)
PNAS 103, 14355-14360
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
K+ channel selectivity depends on kinetic as well as thermodynamic factors.
M. Grabe, D. Bichet, X. Qian, Y. N. Jan, and L. Y. Jan (2006)
PNAS 103, 14361-14366
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Surface Structure and Its Dynamic Rearrangements of the KcsA Potassium Channel upon Gating and Tetrabutylammonium Blocking.
M. Iwamoto, H. Shimizu, F. Inoue, T. Konno, Y. C. Sasaki, and S. Oiki (2006)
J. Biol. Chem. 281, 28379-28386
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
C-terminal Domain of Kv4.2 and Associated KChIP2 Interactions Regulate Functional Expression and Gating of Kv4.2.
W. Han, S. Nattel, T. Noguchi, and A. Shrier (2006)
J. Biol. Chem. 281, 27134-27144
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cloning and functional characterization of a superfamily of microbial inwardly rectifying potassium channels.
S. Sun, J. H. Gan, J. J. Paynter, and S. J. Tucker (2006)
Physiol Genomics 26, 1-7
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Molecular Template for a Voltage Sensor in a Novel K+ Channel. I. Identification and Functional Characterization of KvLm, a Voltage-gated K+ Channel from Listeria monocytogenes.
J. S. Santos, A. Lundby, C. Zazueta, and M. Montal (2006)
J. Gen. Physiol. 128, 283-292
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
State-independent Block of BK Channels by an Intracellular Quaternary Ammonium.
C. M. Wilkens and R. W. Aldrich (2006)
J. Gen. Physiol. 128, 347-364
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Model of a Putative Pore: The Pentameric {alpha}-Helical Bundle of SARS Coronavirus E Protein in Lipid Bilayers.
J. Torres, K. Parthasarathy, X. Lin, R. Saravanan, A. Kukol, and D. X. Liu (2006)
Biophys. J. 91, 938-947
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Single plasma membrane K+ channel detection by using dual-color quantum dot labeling.
V. Nechyporuk-Zloy, C. Stock, H. Schillers, H. Oberleithner, and A. Schwab (2006)
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 291, C266-C269
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Ring of Negative Charge in BK Channels Facilitates Block by Intracellular Mg2+ and Polyamines through Electrostatics.
Y. Zhang, X. Niu, T. I. Brelidze, and K. L. Magleby (2006)
J. Gen. Physiol. 128, 185-202
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Common Mechanism of Pore Opening Shared by Five Different Potassium Channels.
I. H. Shrivastava and I. Bahar (2006)
Biophys. J. 90, 3929-3940
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Calcium-dependent Gating of MthK, a Prokaryotic Potassium Channel.
B. Zadek and C. M. Nimigean (2006)
J. Gen. Physiol. 127, 673-685
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Role of Conserved Glycines in pH Gating of Kir1.1 (ROMK).
H. Sackin, M. Nanazashvili, L. G. Palmer, and H. Li (2006)
Biophys. J. 90, 3582-3589
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Polyamine Binding Site in Inward Rectifier K+ Channels.
H. T. Kurata, L. J. Marton, and C. G. Nichols (2006)
J. Gen. Physiol. 127, 467-480
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
NMR study of the tetrameric KcsA potassium channel in detergent micelles.
J. H. Chill, J. M. Louis, C. Miller, and A. Bax (2006)
Protein Sci. 15, 684-698
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Interaction of d-Tubocurarine with Potassium Channels: Molecular Modeling and Ligand Binding.
A. Rossokhin, G. Teodorescu, S. Grissmer, and B. S. Zhorov (2006)
Mol. Pharmacol. 69, 1356-1365
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Functional Roles of Charged Amino Acid Residues on the Wall of the Cytoplasmic Pore of Kir2.1.
Y. Fujiwara and Y. Kubo (2006)
J. Gen. Physiol. 127, 401-419
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
ATP-sensitive K+ channels: regulation of bursting by the sulphonylurea receptor, PIP2 and regions of Kir6.2.
B. Ribalet, S. A. John, L.-H. Xie, and J. N. Weiss (2006)
J. Physiol. 571, 303-317
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Subunit-subunit interactions are critical for proton sensitivity of ROMK: Evidence in support of an intermolecular gating mechanism.
Q. Leng, G. G. MacGregor, K. Dong, G. Giebisch, and S. C. Hebert (2006)
PNAS 103, 1982-1987
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Novel KCNJ11 Mutation Associated with Congenital Hyperinsulinism Reduces the Intrinsic Open Probability of beta-Cell ATP-sensitive Potassium Channels.
Y.-W. Lin, C. MacMullen, A. Ganguly, C. A. Stanley, and S.-L. Shyng (2006)
J. Biol. Chem. 281, 3006-3012
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Anionic Phospholipid Interactions with the Potassium Channel KcsA: Simulation Studies.
S. S. Deol, C. Domene, P. J. Bond, and M. S. P. Sansom (2006)
Biophys. J. 90, 822-830
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Role of Aromatic Localization in the Gating Process of a Potassium Channel.
C. Domene, S. Vemparala, M. L. Klein, C. Venien-Bryan, and D. A. Doyle (2006)
Biophys. J. 90, L01-L03
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
All Four Putative Selectivity Filter Glycine Residues in KtrB Are Essential for High Affinity and Selective K+ Uptake by the KtrAB System from Vibrio alginolyticus.
N. Tholema, M. V. d. Bruggen, P. Maser, T. Nakamura, J. I. Schroeder, H. Kobayashi, N. Uozumi, and E. P. Bakker (2005)
J. Biol. Chem. 280, 41146-41154
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
From the Cover: Activation-coupled inactivation in the bacterial potassium channel KcsA.
L. Gao, X. Mi, V. Paajanen, K. Wang, and Z. Fan (2005)
PNAS 102, 17630-17635
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
International Union of Pharmacology. LIV. Nomenclature and Molecular Relationships of Inwardly Rectifying Potassium Channels.
Y. Kubo, J. P. Adelman, D. E. Clapham, L. Y. Jan, A. Karschin, Y. Kurachi, M. Lazdunski, C. G. Nichols, S. Seino, and C. A. Vandenberg (2005)
Pharmacol. Rev. 57, 509-526
   Full Text »    PDF »
The Interfacial Lipid Binding Site on the Potassium Channel KcsA Is Specific for Anionic Phospholipids.
P. Marius, S. J. Alvis, J. M. East, and A. G. Lee (2005)
Biophys. J. 89, 4081-4089
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Long Polyamines Act as Cofactors in PIP2 Activation of Inward Rectifier Potassium (Kir2.1) Channels.
L.-H. Xie, S. A. John, B. Ribalet, and J. N. Weiss (2005)
J. Gen. Physiol. 126, 541-549
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Electrostatics in the Cytoplasmic Pore Produce Intrinsic Inward Rectification in Kir2.1 Channels.
S.-H. Yeh, H.-K. Chang, and R.-C. Shieh (2005)
J. Gen. Physiol. 126, 551-562
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Diabetes and Insulin Secretion: The ATP-Sensitive K+ Channel (KATP) Connection.
J. C. Koster, M. A. Permutt, and C. G. Nichols (2005)
Diabetes 54, 3065-3072
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Coupled K+-Water Flux through the HERG Potassium Channel Measured by an Osmotic Pulse Method.
H. Ando, M. Kuno, H. Shimizu, I. Muramatsu, and S. Oiki (2005)
J. Gen. Physiol. 126, 529-538
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Direct Modulation of Kir Channel Gating by Membrane Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Bisphosphate.
D. Enkvetchakul, I. Jeliazkova, and C. G. Nichols (2005)
J. Biol. Chem. 280, 35785-35788
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Andersen-Tawil syndrome: New potassium channel mutations and possible phenotypic variation.
N. P. Davies, P. Imbrici, D. Fialho, C. Herd, L. G. Bilsland, A. Weber, R. Mueller, D. Hilton-Jones, J. Ealing, B. R. Boothman, et al. (2005)
Neurology 65, 1083-1089
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Ion Transport through Membrane-Spanning Nanopores Studied by Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Continuum Electrostatics Calculations.
C. Peter and G. Hummer (2005)
Biophys. J. 89, 2222-2234
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Activating Mutations in Kir6.2 and Neonatal Diabetes: New Clinical Syndromes, New Scientific Insights, and New Therapy.
A. T. Hattersley and F. M. Ashcroft (2005)
Diabetes 54, 2503-2513
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Carboxy-Terminal Truncations Modify the Outer Pore Vestibule of Muscle Chloride Channels.
S. Hebeisen and C. Fahlke (2005)
Biophys. J. 89, 1710-1720
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Investigating the Putative Glycine Hinge in Shaker Potassium Channel.
S. Ding, L. Ingleby, C. A. Ahern, and R. Horn (2005)
J. Gen. Physiol. 126, 213-226
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The NH2 Terminus of RCK1 Domain Regulates Ca2+-dependent BKCa Channel